Discover the beauty and innovation of Turkish architecture in this captivating article. While many may first think of the iconic works of Mimar Sinan, Turkey’s architectural landscape has continued to evolve with stunning projects by both local and international architects. From the striking S2OSB Headquarters & Conference Hall to the symbolic Lüleburgaz Bus Station, and the minimalist summerhouse Ma Vie La, the article showcases the diversity and creativity of Turkish architecture. Explore these architectural gems and be inspired by the fusion of tradition and modernity in Turkish design.
S2OSB Headquarters & Conference Hall
Located in the Sakarya region, the S2OSB building belongs to the Sakarya 2nd Industrial District’s Board of CEOs and was designed by BINAA architects in 2016. The façade is made of crafted metal, specifically anodized aluminum sheets, which wrap around the building to communicate its various functions. The conference hall is composed of a geometrically-textured shell with solid and perforated panels, while a separate foyer holds the offices specifically designed for executives and engineers. The S2OSB Headquarters & Conference Hall showcases the innovative and functional design that Turkish architecture has become known for.
Lüleburgaz Bus Station
Designed by Collective Architects & Rasa Studio in 2016, the Lüleburgaz Bus Station is a symbolic and unique point of entry to the city. The design breaks away from traditional bus station layouts by placing no separations between departure and arrival areas. Ticket sale offices and shops are strategically placed between the waiting lounges, creating a seamless flow of movement. The intercity and regional bus platforms are separated, and a sloped roof system is used to create a public space at the front of the station, which includes restaurants, cafés, and commercial spaces. The Lüleburgaz Bus Station exemplifies the modern and forward-thinking approach to architecture in Turkey.
Ma Vie La
Ma Vie La, a summerhouse in Çeşme, was created by architect Selim Erdil with a strict minimalistic approach. The house emphasizes the use of five main materials: concrete, steel, stone, wood, and glass. It maximizes the use of the land while creating a variety of wide and open spaces. Folding and sliding windows and door systems, as well as an eight-meter cantilever, enhance the living areas and establish a strong connection between the interior and exterior. The common areas and bathrooms feature marble flooring, while the bedrooms have rustic oak wood floors. The garden is adorned with local olive, mastic, and cypress trees. Ma Vie La showcases the harmony between modern design and natural surroundings.
School of Foreign Languages
Designed by London’s AUDB Architects, the School of Foreign Languages in İzmir is an innovative project committed to research and development in the region. The design posed a challenge due to the high number of necessary functions and limited space. The solution was to split the functions into two main groups: classrooms and support spaces. These spaces were organized in a convergent/connection concept, allowing for efficient use of the limited space. The architectural style of the school favors traditional solutions rather than the glass/steel style commonly seen in modernist buildings. The use of windows based on internal functions provides a variety of light and shade conditions in the teaching spaces. Each floor is also identified by a color related to the flag of the country whose language is being taught, creating a vibrant and engaging learning environment.
Hagia Sophia
Hagia Sophia, located in Istanbul, is one of the most iconic architectural landmarks in Turkey. Originally built as a Greek Orthodox Christian basilica in the 6th century, it later became an imperial mosque and is now a museum. The architectural marvel of Hagia Sophia lies in its massive dome, which was an engineering feat of its time. The interior features intricate mosaics and marble decorations, with a combination of Byzantine and Ottoman architectural influences. Hagia Sophia is a testament to the rich history and cultural heritage of Turkey.
Topkapi Palace
Topkapi Palace, also located in Istanbul, was the primary residence of the Ottoman Sultans for nearly 400 years. The palace complex is an architectural masterpiece, showcasing the opulence and grandeur of the Ottoman Empire. It consists of various courtyards, pavilions, and halls, each designed with intricate detail and exquisite craftsmanship. The palace offers panoramic views of the city and the Bosporus, allowing visitors to immerse themselves in the grandeur and splendor of the Ottoman era.
Selimiye Mosque
Selimiye Mosque, located in Edirne, is a masterpiece of Ottoman architecture and a UNESCO World Heritage site. Designed by the renowned architect Mimar Sinan, the mosque is considered one of his greatest achievements. It features a grand dome and towering minarets, with intricate decorations and calligraphy adorning its interior. The mosque’s symmetrical design and harmonious proportions create a sense of serenity and awe-inspiring beauty. Selimiye Mosque stands as a testament to the architectural brilliance of the Ottoman Empire.
Anitkabir
Anitkabir, located in Ankara, is the mausoleum of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder and first president of the Republic of Turkey. Designed by the Turkish architect Emin Onat and the German architect Paul Bonatz, Anitkabir is a symbol of national pride and unity. The mausoleum’s design blends elements of classical and modern architecture, with grand courtyards, monumental columns, and a massive ceremonial hall. The tomb of Atatürk is situated at the heart of the mausoleum, surrounded by beautifully landscaped gardens. Anitkabir stands as a powerful tribute to the visionary leader who shaped modern Turkey.
Pamukkale
Pamukkale, meaning “Cotton Castle” in Turkish, is a natural wonder located in southwestern Turkey. Its unique landscape features terraces of white mineral-rich travertine cascading down the hillside, creating mesmerizing natural pools of turquoise water. The geological formations of Pamukkale are the result of calcium carbonate deposits left by flowing thermal waters over thousands of years. Visitors can walk on the terraces, bathe in the thermal pools, and explore the ancient Roman ruins of Hierapolis, which overlook the dazzling landscape. Pamukkale is a breathtaking testament to the beauty and power of nature.
Cappadocia
Cappadocia, located in central Turkey, is a region renowned for its otherworldly landscape and unique rock formations. The geological wonders of Cappadocia were formed by volcanic eruptions millions of years ago, resulting in a surreal landscape of fairy chimneys, underground cities, and cave dwellings. The region is also famous for its hot air balloon rides, providing visitors with a bird’s-eye view of the stunning scenery. Cappadocia’s distinctive architecture, carved into the soft volcanic rock, is a testament to human adaptation and creativity. Exploring the caves and rock-cut churches of Cappadocia is like stepping into a magical world frozen in time.
Turkey’s architecture is a reflection of its rich history, diverse culture, and innovative design. From modern office buildings to ancient marvels, each architectural masterpiece tells a story and showcases the creativity and craftsmanship of the architects involved. Whether you’re interested in contemporary designs or ancient ruins, Turkey offers a plethora of architectural wonders waiting to be discovered. So pack your bags and embark on a journey through Turkey’s architectural heritage.